Qin Shi Huang's Unification Campaigns (238 BCE – 221 BCE · Reign of King Zheng of Qin)
全线途经古今地名：咸阳（今陕西咸阳） → 邺城（今河北临漳西南） → 新郑（今河南新郑） → 邯郸（今河北邯郸） → 蓟城（今北京西南） → 大梁（今河南开封） → 寿春（今安徽寿县） → 襄平（今辽宁辽阳） → 临淄（今山东淄博临淄）。
Route Stops: Xianyang (Xianyang, Shaanxi) → Ye (Linzhang, Hebei) → Xinzheng (Xinzheng, Henan) → Handan (Handan, Hebei) → Jicheng (Beijing) → Daliang (Kaifeng, Henan) → Shouchun (Shouxian, Anhui) → Xiangping (Liaoyang, Liaoning) → Linzi (Zibo, Shandong).
年二十二行冠礼亲政，平嫪毐之乱、罢吕不韦，纳尉缭与李斯“远交近攻”之策蓄势东出。
At twenty-two, King Zheng assumed personal rule, crushed Lao Ai’s revolt, dismissed Lü Buwei, and adopted Li Si’s strategy to annex the six states.
《史记·秦始皇本纪》引尉缭语：“秦王为人，蜂准，长目，挚鸟膺，豺声，少恩而虎狼之心……诚得志于天下，天下皆为虏矣。”“The King of Qin is a man with a prominent nose, elongated eyes, the breast of a bird of prey, and the voice of a jackal; he possesses little kindness and the heart of a tiger or wolf... If he truly achieves his ambitions in the realm, all under Heaven will become his captives.” — Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji)
趁赵燕交兵，命王翦、桓齮、杨端和三路伐赵，连拔邺城、阏与等九城，拉开灭六国序幕。
Exploiting war between Zhao and Yan, Qin generals Wang Jian and Huan Yi captured Ye and nine Zhao cities, opening the unification wars.
《史记·秦始皇本纪》：“十一年，王翦、桓齮、杨端和攻邺，取九城。”“In the 11th year, Wang Jian, Huan Yi, and Yang Duanhe attacked Ye and took nine cities.” — Shiji
内史腾率军渡河急袭韩都新郑，虏韩王安，以其地置颍川郡，韩国于战国七雄中首灭。
Governor Teng stormed the Han capital Xinzheng, captured King An, and established Yingchuan Commandery—making Han the first state to fall.
《史记·秦始皇本纪》：“十七年，内史腾攻韩，得韩王安，尽纳其地，以其地为郡，命曰颍川。”“In the 17th year, Governor Teng attacked Han, captured King An, and made his territory Yingchuan Commandery.” — Shiji
行反间计使赵王迁冤杀名将李牧，王翦遂猛攻大破赵军、克邯郸虏赵王迁，公子嘉北奔代郡。
After Qin espionage tricked Zhao into executing general Li Mu, Wang Jian crushed the Zhao army and took Handan; Prince Jia fled north to Dai.
《战国策》及《史记》：“赵葱死，颜聚亡，后三月，王翦因急击，大破赵，杀赵葱，虏赵王迁及其将颜聚，遂灭赵。”“Wang Jian pressed the attack, shattered the Zhao forces, and captured King Qian, extinguishing Zhao.” — Shiji
荆轲献督亢地图刺秦未果，王翦率军于易水西大破燕代联军，拔燕都蓟城，燕王喜退保辽东。
Following Jing Ke’s failed assassination in Xianyang, Wang Jian routed the Yan-Dai forces at Yi River and captured Jicheng; King Xi fled to Liaodong.
《战国策·燕策三》：“风萧萧兮易水寒，壮士一去兮不复还！”“The wind blows shrill and the Yi River is cold; once the hero departs, he shall never return!” — Intrigues of the Warring States
王贲南下攻魏，掘黄河与鸿沟水灌大梁三月，城坏魏王假降，秦设砀郡，三晋尽入于秦。
Wang Ben diverted the Yellow River and Honggou Canal to flood Daliang for three months until its walls collapsed and King Jia surrendered.
《史记·秦始皇本纪》：“二十二年，王贲攻魏，引河沟灌大梁，大梁城坏，其王请降，尽取其地。”“In the 22nd year, Wang Ben attacked Wei, channeled the Yellow River to flood Daliang, and took all its land.” — Shiji
倾全国六十万大军托付王翦、蒙武，坚壁疲楚后追击破敌，于蕲南杀项燕、克寿春俘楚王负刍。
Commanding 600,000 troops, Wang Jian wore down the Chu army before striking as it withdrew, slaying Xiang Yan and capturing Shouchun.
《史记·白起王翦列传》：“王翦果代李信击荆……荆数挑战而秦不出。乃引而东。翦因举兵追之，令壮士击，大破荆军。”“Chu repeatedly challenged Qin to battle, yet Wang Jian held firm inside his ramparts until Chu retreated east, then struck with full force and routed them.” — Shiji
王贲攻破辽东襄平俘燕王喜，回师北击代郡虏代王嘉；同年王翦平定楚江南旧地，置会稽郡。
Wang Ben took Xiangping in Liaodong to capture King Xi of Yan and King Jia of Dai, while Wang Jian pacified Jiangnan and set up Kuaiji Commandery.
《史记·秦始皇本纪》：“二十五年，大兴兵，使王贲将，攻燕辽东，得燕王喜。还攻代，虏代王嘉。王翦遂定荆江南地。”“In the 25th year, Wang Ben attacked Liaodong, captured King Xi of Yan, and returned to capture King Jia of Dai, while Wang Jian pacified Jiangnan.” — Shiji
王贲、蒙恬自燕南下突入临淄，齐王建不战出降；秦王政完成统一，定号“始皇帝”、设三十六郡。
Wang Ben and Meng Tian plunged south into Linzi where King Jian of Qi surrendered without battle, completing unification under the First Emperor.
杜牧《阿房宫赋》：“六王毕，四海一。” · 《史记·秦始皇本纪》：“秦初并天下……法令由一统。”“The six kings met their end, and the four seas became one.” — Du Mu, Rhapsody on Epang Palace